Which of the following are the two main types of irrigation systems?

The primary distinction between irrigation systems often lies in their method of distributing water to plants, and the most widely recognized categories are surface and subsurface irrigation.

Surface irrigation utilizes gravity to distribute water across the field surface, allowing it to soak into the soil. This method is often employed in agricultural settings where land contour and soil type are conducive to the even spreading of water.

On the other hand, subsurface irrigation involves placing a network of pipes or tubes below the soil surface, allowing water to be delivered directly to the root zones of plants. This technique minimizes evaporation and runoff, making it efficient for water conservation.

By focusing on these two main types, it highlights the fundamental methods of how irrigation can be implemented, allowing practitioners to select the appropriate system based on specific agricultural needs, water availability, and environmental factors.